Laser transmission welding of thermoplasticspart i. One of the nonconventional and nontraditional unique means to weld objects is laser welding. Research paper study of laser welding technique for titanium. This is anon contact soldering for high requirements. It is found that heat treatment of the welded joint increases its ultimate tensile strength.
A commonly used additive to make plastic absorbent for ir laser light is carbon black typically 0. This movement allows a continuously operating laser beam to irradiate a line of a speci. Welding of plastics requires appropriate experience to prevent failure to maintain important process variables, such as overheating of the welding site, improper preparation of welded edges, or. Due to geometric symmetry, only one plate was modeled to reduce the simulation computation time. An example using a diode laser manipulated by a sixaxis robot is shown in fig. Pdf the purpose of the research is to take an uptodate look at laser welding technology currently being utilized. Plastic welding seminar report pdf download plastic welding seminar reports and ppt in pdf and doc format for final year mehanical engineering students. A derivative of lw, laserhybrid welding, combines the laser of lw with an arc welding method such as gas metal arc welding. There are major differences between laser plastic welding and other technologies this is why it is conquering more and more areas of. This paper provides an introduction to some important facts and developments in the plastic welding field for assisting the developments in future in plastic welding. Spot and seam welds with a preciseness within the micron range within minutes can be created within minutes also in complicated areas. It uses a laser beam to melt the plastic in the joint region.
Yag laser dissimilar welding of grade 2 titanium alloy to 3105o aluminum alloy using alsi5 filler metal. It shows great advantages over fsw and conventional fusion welding due to its high flexibility and adaptabil. Apr 01, 2012 laser welding of polymers olowinsky, alexander. Seam welding is the most important pulsed laser application describes the seam welding as a series of overlapping spot welds to form a fusion zone or seam. Laser welding of plastics is now a convenient and flexible technique that is proving popular for joining automotive parts and medical equipment as well as consumer products. Simply stated, 3d laser welding can help you build a better product at a lower price. Beam welding technology in the past ten years, laser and electron beam welding processes have seen enormous. Mf120 is a simultaneous multifiber laser welding machine ideal to realize both laboratory welding tests or massproduction of small parts. We discussing plastic welding seminar in hot topic area and see more about it. Welding, including dissimilar materials welding, surface modification and cutting of a brittle material, are shown as particular applications of twinbeam laser welding. A complex experimental study of laser welding of the v1469 alculi alloy is performed for obtaining a highstrength welded joint. The laser weldingbrazing lwb process has been widely used in the automotive industry due to its unique performance such as high welding speed, low base metal deformation, and precise control of the laser beam energy refs. Laser welding of plastics process selection software.
Of the various available plastics welding methods, laser welding is best suited for making welds with dimensions less than 1 mm 0. Laser welding is a widely used jointing technique in many. Doewelding special optical components known as diffractive optical elements doe can be tailored to the specific laser welding process. However, welding is such a complex process that the visually recognizable quality of the weld is affected by a number of process variables. In this paper, unless specified, dualbeam laser welding means two laser beams are arranged in tandem, as shown in fig. Plastic welding, ask latest information, plastic welding abstract,plastic welding report,plastic welding presentation pdf,doc,ppt,plastic welding technology.
The phase composition, microhardness, and strength characteristics of the alloy and welded joint in various regimes of heat treatment are studied. The laser generates an intense beam of radiation usually in the infra red area of the electromagnetic spectrum which is focussed onto the material to be joined. Laser plastic welding is considerably more effective in comparison with conventional gluing or ultrasonic welding methods and guarantees highstrength joints without markings and surface damage. For example, laser welding can deliver very dense energy, thus the weld pool is small but the penetration is deep. Laser plastic welding uses no friction, vibration or harsh movement and the ideal choice for any sized part requiring a clean join. Every single part is investigated for whether it could be made even lighter. Hot plate welding is very simple welding process as compared to other plastic welding process and most commonly used. Laser welding supplier and manufacturer of laser marking. Diode lasers in plastic welding and selective laser. For co 2 laser welding of large output, when a deep penetration welding in single pass is done in the ambient atmosphere, it is known that blowholes may occur because of the inkeyhole gas being entrapped in molten metal.
Environmental requirements and the trend of lightweight make plastic more and more alternative industrial products in the metal part, and plastic laser welding relative to other welding technology, has more advantages. Recent journal of materials processing technology articles. Welding of transparent materials using femtosecond laser. The gun consists of a main body which contain heating element. Plastic laser welding application advantages and prospects. Laser welding has advantages of high speed, high precision, consistent weld integrity, and low heat distortion.
Material selection when considering laser welding for a process the first concern is the ability of the material to be welded. The new lpkf precisionweld adds another application to laser plastic welding. These optical units are used with various techniques, from contour and quasisimultaneous welding right through to simultaneous welding. Hence, laser welding is particularly well established in this market. Nowadays, dissimilar materials welding, especially between metal to plastics, has been become the hottest issue. Microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of. Yag, fiber, and diode lasers can be focused down to spot sizes. Experimental procedures are described below leading to the generation of an absorber selection software package.
Penetration depth into dental casting alloys by nd. This welding has come into use not only for 490 n mm2 grade steel and 590 nmm2 grade steel but also for weatherresistant steel. A laserbased vision system for weld quality inspection. Laser welding of polymers laser welding of polymers olowinsky, alexander. In medical device manufacturing, for instance, cleanliness is absolutely mandatory. The process allows contactfree processing of a wide range of materials in different material thicknesses. Goussain, laser welding using a very high power co 2 laser source, proceedings of icaleo96 laser institute of america, orlando, fl, 1996, lia 81, sec.
Plastic manufactured part are regularly used in many industries. Yag laser is used to weld similar and dissimilar stainless steels in overlap and fillet joint configurations respectively. Under optimized process conditions, high integrity welds with approximately 2% shrinkage and gas porosity were obtained. The current study focused on the tandem dualbeam laser welding process and its impact on weld quality. Study on prevention of welding defects in high power co2. Microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties. Welding simulations are usually split up into two separate analyses. The air mass flow and the temperature can be adjusted in a. Laser plastic welding for microfluidics applications. Laser welding of polymers established process but still not at its best. Keeping this problem in mind and changing the parameters, we conducted welding tests with fullpenetration beadonplate welding, and checked by radiographic test for welding. Developing cost effective laser welding parameters for.
This is typically accomplished by using new materials of changing part geometries. A second consideration in the welding of plastics is the miscibility of plastics. This combination allows for greater positioning flexibility, since gmaw supplies molten metal to fill the joint, and due to the use of a laser, increases the welding speed over what is normally possible with gmaw. Desktop compact laser welding system laser welding systems combine the excellent quality of laser welded joints with easy handling and fast operational readiness. The beam intensity measured without a sample in the beam path is the reference level. First, the thermal field evolution in the welded construction is calculated from the heat input and next, starting from the temperature field, the stress and strain development due to the welding is calculated in a mechanical analysis. Plastic welding training day 1 general introduction to polymers and welding principles mechanical and nondestructive testing of plastics welds design guidelines for plastics welding hot plate welding spin welding infrared welding hot gas convection welding day 2. Pulsed laser welding of aisi 304 stainless steel plate was simulated using commercial finite element software to determine the optimal welding conditions. Experimental setup of laserarc hybrid welding system. Welding, as the most commonly used process for joining metals and plastic, is vital to the economy of a country because up to 50% of the gross national product is related to welding in one way or another 1.
These conditions make the laser weld of copper and copper alloy strong. Kimura, laser welding of inconel 625 by 25 kw co 2 laser, proceedings of 37th laser materials processing conference. Fcw, with which upward welding is possible at high currents, is used when the gap is large. The weld bead geometry was determined to conform to the crown and root reinforcement specifications for welded aluminum construction. Dec 22, 2010 pulsed laser welding of aisi 304 stainless steel plate was simulated using commercial finite element software to determine the optimal welding conditions. Laser welding of the highstrength alculi alloy springerlink. Kovacevic journal of materials processing technology 210 2010 941950 fig. The parts made of polymeric materials and polymeric composites fulfilled very demanding criteria nowedays. Manipulation equipment is available to position components and the laser source to an accuracy better than 1. Laser plastics welding aside from conventional welding methods, laser welding of plastics has established itself as a proven bonding method. The main welding parameters are laser power, beam spot size, and the welding speed. The laser welding procedure used for textiles is generally based on the clearweld method of transmission laser welding, but direct welding using either diode or co 2 laser sources is also feasible. More complexity and higher quality borges laser technik journal.
The objective of the study is to investigate the effects of physical properties of plastics on the weldability and the quality of the dissimilar materials welding between sus304 stainless steel and plastics. Plastic welding laser welding of plastics is an established process that is increasingly used in different markets and is displacing the traditional welding methods. Almost any welding concept can be realized with the different diode lasers and optic modules. Good quality weld is the prime objective of welding process.
Different currents were used to estimate weld depth in stationary gas tungsten arc welding. Welding journal june 2011 american welding society. Laser welding application of titanium alloys have been done by akman et al. Welding research consumable doubleelectrode gmaw part 1. A more general extension of the transmission laser welding process has now been developed, which allows completely clear or similarly coloured components to be welded by using an absorber material, which is clear in the visible range of the spectrum, but tailored to absorb heavily the specific wavelength of the laser beam being used. They concluded that with that method, it is possible to perform strain measurements just after weld metal solidification in gas tungsten arc gta weld ing of thin sus304 steel sheets and con. The formation and the quality of seam welds are the results of a combination of various pulsed. The lpkf tmg 3 transmission tester determines the amount of laser radiation transmitted through a sample of plastic pursuant to dvs regulation 2243. Laser welding is suitable for joining both sheet film and molded thermoplastics. The filler metal is reduced resulting in high productivity. Citescore values are based on citation counts in a given year e.
Laser welding of plastics was first reported in the early 1970s silvers and wachtell, 1970, when film materials were welded using a co 2 laser. Contour welding involves relative motion between the laser beam and the thermoplastic parts in a direction perpendicular to the beam of the laser. Please send me plastic welding seminar report and ppt on sangales21gmail. Among the high power density technologies, the electron beam and laser welding have showed a great capability in producing narrow and deep.
The main objective of this research is to study the laser beam welding of stainless steels. Schematic of hotgas welding, showing the correct position of torch and filler rod for different thermoplastic 4. In experiment, the lap joint configuration with sus304 put on the top was. The lasers beam of coherent light sets it apart from sources of light that emanate incoherent beams of light. This was a direct laser welding process, where the laser heated the films directly without the laser being transmitted through the upper part of the joint. However, there is also a variety of other additives, including colorings, that are ir absorbent. The combination of laser welding and gas metal arc welding gmaw has created hybrid laserarc processes refs.
Lightweight construction in the automotive industry is a fight for every pound. User subroutines were created to account for a moving threedimensional heat source and to apply boundary conditions. Doe welding special optical components known as diffractive optical elements doe can be tailored to the specific laser welding process. Diode lasers in plastic welding and selective laser soldering. Composition change of stainless steels during keyhole mode laser welding changes in weld metal composition were found to be more sensitive to laser power than welding speed. Intimate contact and clamping is also required for the welding to effective. Presently, researchers are working mainly on the welding of metals. Tests indicate that this technique is suitable for laser welding copper and copper alloys. The material used in laser welding, as in any type of plastic welding, must be a thermoplastic.
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